Apart from traditional strongholds in Patna, Gaya, Aurangabad, Arwal Bhabhua, Rohtas and Jehanabad in South western parts of the State, there has been a sudden rise in extremism in parts of North Bihar esp. bordering Nepal. East & West Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Sheohar, Sitamarhi and Madhubani districts has witnessed the spurt in naxal activities all during last 6 years i.e. post bifurcation of the state. Their presence can not be ruled out in  Shaharsha, Begusarai and Vaishali.

Over period of years MCCI  onsets as the major outfit in Jharkhand, Bihar and UP. This groups accounted for most  of the naxal violence In Bihar.  The internal security texture of the state and nation as well are under threat. During the call for Bandh in 4 states on September 23, 2007  a SAP jawan was killed among three others and there were heavy loss to property made by naxalites. There were also reports of  involvement of women cadre in naxal groups which attacked the police party on Saturday night.

While the states are free to engage these naxal outfits in peace dialogue within the framework of the Constitution, provided the extremists shunned violence, gave up arms and came forward for face to face negotiation with the Government, it is quite difficult for any state government to go ahead on their strength alone. The fundamentals are quite different as their nexus has become cross-border and there is heavy intra-transfer of arms, ammuniation and man power between Nepali Maoist and MCC in Bihar.

The successive governments have, however, failed to contain the expansion of Naxalism. Indeed, it seems that the creation of Jharkhand has helped the Naxalites consolidate their roots in the region. The successive governments have, however, failed to contain the expansion of Naxalism. Indeed, it seems that the creation of Jharkhand has helped the Naxalites consolidate their roots in the region.

In November 2002, a joint statement issued by the two groups at Patna stated that the indiscriminate use of the POTA against the activists and sympathizers of Naxalite groups by the Jharkhand government had ‘compelled them to iron out differences’ and fight jointly against the State machinery. 

Elaborating upon the aspect of naxalism, the Home Secretary mentioned that naxalite violence became a major phenomenon in major parts of the country. The most dangerous phenomena being seen is the linkages between naxal cadres in India and CPN (Maoist) cadres in Nepal. 

In the Annual report of year 2004 the Home Secretary himself admit the spurt in naxal action in Bihar. Informing the State Committee of the strategy to tackle naxalism, the Home Secretary stated that it could be divided into three parts viz. Police response, Development response and Removal of some cultural alienations and stressed the need to improve the project implementation framework to keep the local youths not moulded towards naxalism. He stressed the success of Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana (RSVY),Backward Districts Initiative (BDI) and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yozna  to formulate the youths at grass root level. States were advised to improve public grievance redressal system, encourage local resistance groups in affected areas, publicize unlawful activities and misdeeds of naxal outfits/leaders, and disseminate information about welfare and developmental schemes of the government.

Major strike by naxalites in Bihar

1. Jan. 6, 2005 . The Munger Superintendent of Police, K.C. Surendrababu, and six other police personnel were killed in a landmine blast at Lakshmipur village in Jammui district while returning from a joint operation against naxalites(CPI,Maoist)

2. In 2000, prior to the division of the State, the Lohardagga SP, Ajay Kumar, was killed by naxalites.

3. 13, Nov, 2005 where 389 prisoners escaped from the Jehanabad jail

S. Amit, from Patna. with Inputs from various reports of Central Home Ministry